Is the word roubou the same in Brazilian and European Portuguese?

No.

While the spelling, meaning, and grammatical category of "roubou" are identical in both varieties, there are significant differences in the syntax (how the word is used in relation to pronouns) and the typical vocabulary surrounding it. In Brazil, it is common to place the object pronoun before the verb (me roubou), whereas in Portugal, the pronoun typically follows the verb (roubou-me). Additionally, the nouns used in the same context often differ (e.g., celular vs. telemóvel).

Brazilian Portuguese

1. O ladrão me roubou o celular na rua. (The thief stole my cell phone from me on the street.)
2. Alguém me roubou a carteira no ônibus. (Someone stole my wallet from me on the bus.)
3. O cara me roubou o lanche. (The guy stole my snack from me.)
4. Ele me roubou a ideia durante a reunião. (He stole my idea from me during the meeting.)
5. A vizinha me roubou o lugar na fila. (The neighbor stole my place in line from me.)

Portuguese (Continental)

1. O ladrão roubou-me o telemóvel na rua. (The thief stole my mobile phone from me on the street.)
2. Alguém roubou-me a carteira no autocarro. (Someone stole my wallet from me on the bus.)
3. O tipo roubou-me o lanche. (The guy stole my snack from me.)
4. Ele roubou-me a ideia durante a reunião. (He stole my idea from me during the meeting.)
5. A vizinha roubou-me o lugar na fila. (The neighbor stole my place in line from me.)