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Is the word romance the same in Brazilian and European Portuguese?

Yes

The spelling, meaning, and grammatical function of the word "romance" are identical in both Brazilian and Continental Portuguese. The only difference is in pronunciation. In Brazilian Portuguese, the final "e" is pronounced clearly as an /i/ sound (like the "ee" in "see"). In Continental Portuguese, the final "e" is an unstressed vowel that undergoes reduction, sounding like a very short, muffled /ɨ/ or even becoming nearly silent.

Brazilian Portuguese Examples

  1. Eu adoro ler um bom romance antes de dormir. (I love reading a good novel before sleeping.)
  2. Aquele romance de época é muito emocionante. (That period novel is very moving.)
  3. Ela está escrevendo um romance de ficção científica. (She is writing a science fiction novel.)
  4. O romance deles começou na faculdade. (Their romance/affair began in college.)
  5. Este romance é um clássico da literatura brasileira. (This novel is a classic of Brazilian literature.)

Continental Portuguese Examples

  1. Eu adoro ler um bom romance antes de dormir. (I love reading a good novel before sleeping.)
  2. Aquele romance de época é muito emocionante. (That period novel is very moving.)
  3. Ela está a escrever um romance de ficção científica. (She is writing a science fiction novel.)
  4. O romance deles começou na faculdade. (Their romance/affair began in college.)
  5. Este romance é um clássico da literatura portuguesa. (This novel is a classic of Portuguese literature.)