Is the word rodoviária the same in Brazilian and European Portuguese?

No

In Brazil, "rodoviária" is commonly used as a noun (a shorthand for estação rodoviária) to refer to a bus station. In Portugal, "rodoviária" is primarily used as an adjective meaning "relating to roads" (e.g., rede rodoviária — road network). A Portuguese person would not typically use "a rodoviária" to refer to the station itself; instead, they would use "terminal rodoviário" or "estação de autocarros."

Brazilian Portuguese Examples

1. Preciso chegar à rodoviária antes das oito. (I need to arrive at the bus station before eight.)
2. A rodoviária de São Paulo é enorme. (The São Paulo bus station is huge.)
3. Onde fica a rodoviária mais próxima? (Where is the nearest bus station?)
4. Peguei um táxi para ir à rodoviária. (I took a taxi to go to the bus station.)
5. A rodoviária estava muito lotada hoje. (The bus station was very crowded today.)

European Portuguese Examples

1. Preciso de chegar à estação de autocarros antes das oito. (I need to arrive at the bus station before eight.)
2. O terminal rodoviário de Lisboa é enorme. (The Lisbon bus station is huge.)
3. Onde fica a estação de autocarros mais próxima? (Where is the nearest bus station?)
4. Peguei um táxi para ir ao terminal. (I took a taxi to go to the terminal.)
5. A estação de autocarros estava muito cheia hoje. (The bus station was very full today.)