Is the word pinguim the same in Brazilian and European Portuguese?

Yes

The spelling, meaning, and grammatical gender of "pinguim" are identical in both Brazilian and European Portuguese. The only differences are in pronunciation and the syntactic structures typically used around the word. In Brazilian Portuguese, the vowels tend to be more open and the rhythm is syllable-timed. In European Portuguese, unstressed vowels are often more closed or even reduced, and the rhythm is stress-timed. Furthermore, while the word itself does not change, the way the continuous action is expressed (the gerund) differs significantly between the two dialects.

Brazilian Portuguese Examples

1. O pinguim está nadando. (The penguin is swimming.)
2. Eu vi um pinguim no zoológico. (I saw a penguin at the zoo.)
3. Pinguins gostam de clima frio. (Penguins like cold weather.)
4. Olha que pinguim fofo! (Look at that cute penguin!)
5. O pinguim está comendo peixe. (The penguin is eating fish.)

European Portuguese Examples

1. O pinguim está a nadar. (The penguin is swimming.)
2. Vi um pinguim no zoo. (I saw a penguin at the zoo.)
3. Os pinguins gostam de clima frio. (Penguins like cold weather.)
4. Vê como este pinguim é fofo! (Look how cute this penguin is!)
5. O pinguim está a comer peixe. (The penguin is eating fish.)