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Is the word perceber the same in Brazilian and European Portuguese?

No.

The difference lies in typical usage and semantic nuance. In Brazil, perceber is primarily used to mean "to notice," "to realize," or "to sense" (sensory or intuitive perception). While it can be used for comprehension, Brazilians much more frequently use the verb entender to express "to understand." In Portugal, perceber is the standard, everyday verb used to mean "to understand" or "to comprehend" (e.g., "Não percebi nada" means "I didn't understand anything").

Brazilian Portuguese Examples

  1. Eu percebi que ele estava nervoso. (I realized he was nervous.)
  2. Você percebeu que a porta estava aberta? (Did you notice that the door was open?)
  3. Eu não entendi o que você disse. (I didn't understand what you said.)
  4. Ela percebeu o erro no relatório. (She noticed the error in the report.)
  5. Ele percebeu que eu estava mentindo. (He realized I was lying.)

Continental Portuguese Examples

  1. Eu percebi que ele estava nervoso. (I realized he was nervous.)
  2. Notaste que a porta estava aberta? (Did you notice that the door was open?)
  3. Não percebi o que disseste. (I didn't understand what you said.)
  4. Ela notou o erro no relatório. (She noticed the error in the report.)
  5. Ele percebeu que eu estava a mentir. (He realized I was lying.)