Is the word pastéis the same in Brazilian and European Portuguese?

No.

The word "pastéis" is not the same in both dialects because of a significant difference in meaning and typical usage. In Brazilian Portuguese, "pastéis" refers almost exclusively to a specific savory, deep-fried pastry snack filled with ingredients like meat, cheese, or vegetables, which is a staple of street markets. In Continental Portuguese, "pastéis" is most commonly used to refer to sweet pastries (such as the famous pastéis de nata). Because the culinary concept is different, a Portuguese person would not use the word "pastéis" to describe the savory, fried snack found in Brazil; instead, they would naturally use words like salgados (savory snacks) or folhados (flaky pastries) to express that same idea.

Brazilian Portuguese examples:

1. Eu adoro comer pastéis de carne na feira. (I love eating meat pastéis at the street market.)
2. Vamos pedir uma porção de pastéis de queijo? (Shall we order a portion of cheese pastéis?)
3. O pastel de palmito estava muito gostoso. (The hearts-of-palm pastel was very tasty.)
4. Os pastéis da feira são sempre crocantes. (The pastéis from the street market are always crispy.)
5. Eu sempre acompanho meus pastéis com caldo de cana. (I always accompany my pastéis with sugarcane juice.)

Continental Portuguese examples:

1. Eu adoro comer salgados ao lanche. (I love eating savory snacks for my snack time.)
2. Vamos pedir alguns folhados de presunto? (Shall we order some ham flaky pastries?)
3. O salgado de queijo estava muito bom. (The cheese savory snack was very good.)
4. Estes folhados são muito crocantes. (These flaky pastries are very crispy.)
5. Comprei uns salgados na padaria. (I bought some savory snacks at the bakery.)