Is the word nervosas the same in Brazilian and European Portuguese?

No

While the spelling and grammar of "nervosas" are identical in both varieties, there is a significant difference in typical usage and connotation. In Brazilian Portuguese, "nervosas" is frequently used as a synonym for being angry, upset, or highly irritable (bravas or irritadas). In Continental Portuguese, while it can denote irritation, the word is much more naturally and predominantly used to describe being anxious, tense, or agitated (ansiosas or agitadas).

Brazilian Portuguese (using "nervosas" to mean angry/upset)

1. Elas ficaram muito nervosas com a notícia. (They got very angry with the news.)
2. As meninas estão nervosas com o que ele disse. (The girls are upset with what he said.)
3. As funcionárias ficaram nervosas com o erro. (The employees got angry with the error.)
4. Elas ficam muito nervosas quando são interrompidas. (They get very irritable when they are interrupted.)
5. As professoras ficaram nervosas com a falta de respeito. (The teachers got angry with the lack of respect.)

Continental Portuguese (expressing the same ideas naturally)

1. As raparigas ficaram muito zangadas com a notícia. (The girls got very angry with the news.)
2. As raparigas estão zangadas com o que ele disse. (The girls are upset with what he said.)
3. As funcionárias ficaram irritadas com o erro. (The employees got irritated with the error.)
4. Elas ficam muito irritadas quando são interrompidas. (They get very irritable when they are interrupted.)
5. As professoras ficaram zangadas com a falta de respeito. (The teachers got angry with the lack of respect.)