Is the word meu the same in Brazilian and European Portuguese?

No

While the spelling and grammatical function as a possessive pronoun are identical, there are differences in typical usage. In Brazil, "meu" is frequently used as an informal interjection or vocative, functioning similarly to "dude," "man," or "hey" (e.g., "E aí, meu?"). In Portugal, while "meu" is used for possession, it is rarely used as a standalone interjection; instead, the word "pá" serves that linguistic purpose. Additionally, speakers in Portugal are much more likely to use the definite article before the possessive (e.g., "o meu" instead of just "meu").

Brazilian Portuguese Examples

1. Meu celular é novo. (My cell phone is new.)
2. Meu cachorro é muito brincalhão. (My dog is very playful.)
3. Fala, meu! Tudo bem? (Hey, man! Everything okay?)
4. Esse é meu carro. (This is my car.)
5. Meu amigo mora aqui. (My friend lives here.)

European Portuguese Examples

1. O meu telemóvel é novo. (My cell phone is new.)
2. O meu cão é muito brincalhão. (My dog is very playful.)
3. Olá, pá! Tudo bem? (Hey, man! Everything okay?)
4. Esse é o meu carro. (This is my car.)
5. O meu amigo mora aqui. (My friend lives here.)