Is the word golfe the same in Brazilian and European Portuguese?

Yes

The spelling, meaning, and grammar of the word "golfe" are identical in both Brazilian and Continental Portuguese. The only difference is the pronunciation:

• In Brazil, the final "e" is typically pronounced as a high, unrounded vowel, sounding like an "i" (e.g., gol-fee).
• In Portugal, the final "e" is an unstressed, closed vowel that is often nearly silent or sounds like a very short, neutral "uh" sound.

Brazilian Portuguese Examples

1. Eu adoro jogar golfe nos fins de semana. (I love playing golf on the weekends.)
2. Ele está jogando golfe com os amigos. (He is playing golf with his friends.)
3. O campo de golfe é muito bonito. (The golf course is very beautiful.)
4. Você já praticou golfe alguma vez? (Have you ever practiced golf?)
5. Eu comprei uma bola de golfe nova. (I bought a new golf ball.)

Continental Portuguese Examples

1. Eu adoro jogar golfe aos fins de semana. (I love playing golf on the weekends.)
2. Ele está a jogar golfe com os amigos. (He is playing golf with his friends.)
3. O campo de golfe é muito bonito. (The golf course is very beautiful.)
4. Já praticaste golfe alguma vez? (Have you ever practiced golf?)
5. Eu comprei uma bola de golfe nova. (I bought a new golf ball.)