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Is the word culpa the same in Brazilian and European Portuguese?

Yes

The word "culpa" is identical in meaning, spelling, and grammatical function in both Brazilian and Continental Portuguese. The only difference is in pronunciation. In Brazilian Portuguese, the vowels are generally more open and the "u" is pronounced with more clarity and resonance. In Continental Portuguese, the vowels are often more closed or reduced, and the rhythm of the word tends to be more "clipped" or staccato.

Brazilian Portuguese examples:

  1. A culpa não é minha. (The fault is not mine.)
  2. Ele assumiu a culpa pelo erro. (He took the blame for the error.)
  3. Não tente colocar a culpa em mim. (Don't try to put the blame on me.)
  4. A culpa é toda sua. (It is all your fault.)
  5. Eu não sinto nenhuma culpa por isso. (I don't feel any guilt about this.)

Continental Portuguese examples:

  1. A culpa não é minha. (The fault is not mine.)
  2. Ele assumiu a culpa pelo erro. (He took the blame for the error.)
  3. Não tentes colocar a culpa em mim. (Don't try to put the blame on me.)
  4. A culpa é toda tua. (It is all your fault.)
  5. Eu não sinto nenhuma culpa por isto. (I don't feel any guilt about this.)