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Is the word convincente the same in Brazilian and European Portuguese?

Yes

The spelling, meaning, and grammatical function of "convincente" are identical in both Brazilian and Continental Portuguese. The only differences lie in pronunciation:

Brazilian Portuguese: The vowels are generally more open, and the final "e" is pronounced clearly as a weak "i" sound (e.g., con-vin-sen-chi).
Continental Portuguese: The rhythm is more stress-timed, and the final "e" is often reduced to a nearly silent or very subtle "uh" sound (e.g., con-vin-sent).

Brazilian Portuguese Examples

O argumento dele não foi nada convincente. (His argument wasn't convincing at all.)
Ela deu uma explicação muito convincente. (She gave a very convincing explanation.)
Você precisa de uma prova mais convincente. (You need more convincing evidence.)
O ator fez uma atuação muito convincente. (The actor gave a very convincing performance.)

Note: In Brazil, "Você" is the standard way to address someone informally or semi-formally.

Eu não achei o final do filme muito convincente. (I didn't find the end of the movie very convincing.)

Continental Portuguese Examples

O argumento dele não foi nada convincente. (His argument wasn't convincing at all.)
Ela apresentou uma prova bastante convincente. (She presented quite convincing evidence.)
A tua explicação não me pareceu muito convincente. (Your explanation didn't seem very convincing to me.)

Note: In Portugal, "tu" is used for informal address, and "pareceu-me" (it seemed to me) is a very common way to express an opinion.

O advogado apresentou um argumento muito convincente. (The lawyer presented a very convincing argument.)
Não achei o desfecho da história muito convincente. (I didn't find the outcome of the story very convincing.)

Note: While "final" is used, "desfecho" (outcome/conclusion) is a very natural way for a Portuguese person to refer to the end of a narrative.