Is the word colcha the same in Brazilian and European Portuguese?

Yes

The word "colcha" is identical in meaning, spelling, and grammar in both Brazilian and Continental Portuguese. In both dialects, it refers to a bedspread, coverlet, or quilt used to cover a bed. The only difference is in pronunciation: in Continental Portuguese, the unstressed vowels tend to be more reduced or "closed" compared to the more open and melodic pronunciation found in Brazil.

Brazilian Portuguese Examples

1. Eu comprei uma colcha nova para o meu quarto. (I bought a new bedspread for my bedroom.)
2. A colcha de retalhos é uma tradição na minha família. (The patchwork quilt is a tradition in my family.)
3. Você pode arrumar a colcha, por favor? (Can you fix/straighten the bedspread, please?)
4. Essa colcha é muito bonita e combina com o lençol. (This bedspread is very beautiful and matches the sheet.)
5. Eu preciso lavar a colcha antes de receber as visitas. (I need to wash the bedspread before receiving guests.)

Continental Portuguese Examples

1. Eu comprei uma colcha nova para o meu quarto. (I bought a new bedspread for my bedroom.)
2. A colcha de retalhos é uma tradição na minha família. (The patchwork quilt is a tradition in my family.)
3. Podes arrumar a colcha, por favor? (Can you fix/straighten the bedspread, please?)
4. Esta colcha é muito bonita e combina com o lençol. (This bedspread is very beautiful and matches the sheet.)
5. Preciso de lavar a colcha antes de receber as visitas. (I need to wash the bedspread before receiving guests.)