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Is the word caso the same in Brazilian and European Portuguese?

Yes.

The word caso is identical in meaning, spelling, and grammar in both Brazilian and Continental Portuguese. It can function as a noun (case, incident, affair) or as a conjunction (in case, if). The only difference lies in pronunciation. In Brazilian Portuguese, the vowels are typically more open and clearly articulated. In Continental Portuguese, vowels—especially unstressed ones—are often reduced or "swallowed," making the word sound more clipped and shorter.

Brazilian Portuguese

  1. Neste caso, não tem jeito. (In this case, there is no way/it's no use.)
  2. Caso você precise de ajuda, me liga. (In case you need help, call me.)
  3. Caso você mude de ideia, me avisa. (In case you change your mind, let me know.)
  4. Foi um caso bem estranho. (It was a very strange case.)
  5. Em caso de dúvida, me pergunta. (In case of doubt, ask me.)

Continental Portuguese

  1. Neste caso, não há nada a fazer. (In this case, there is nothing to do.)
  2. Caso precises de ajuda, liga-me. (In case you need help, call me.)
  3. Caso queiras mudar de ideia, avisa-me. (In case you want to change your mind, let me know.)
  4. Foi um caso bastante estranho. (It was a quite strange case.)
  5. Em caso de dúvida, pergunta-me. (In case of doubt, ask me.)