Is the word caramelos the same in Brazilian and European Portuguese?

No

While the fundamental meaning of the word "caramelo" (referring to the flavor or the color) is the same in both dialects, there are significant differences in typical usage and associated vocabulary. In Brazil, "caramelo" has achieved a unique cultural status as a noun used to identify the "Vira-lata Caramelo" (the iconic mixed-breed dog). In Portugal, the word is used almost exclusively as an adjective for color or a noun for flavor. Additionally, when referring to the candies themselves, Brazilians typically use the word "balas," whereas Portuguese people use "rebuçados."

Brazilian Portuguese Examples

1. Eu adoro balas de caramelo. (I love caramel candies.)
2. O cachorro caramelo é um símbolo do Brasil. (The caramel dog is a symbol of Brazil.)
3. Essa cor caramelo é muito bonita. (This caramel color is very beautiful.)
4. Ele comprou um pacote de balas de caramelo. (He bought a pack of caramel candies.)
5. O cachorro tem o pelo caramelo. (The dog has caramel-colored fur.)

Continental Portuguese Examples

1. Eu adoro rebuçados de caramelo. (I love caramel hard candies.)
2. O cão castanho é um símbolo do Brasil. (The brown dog is a symbol of Brazil.)
3. Essa cor caramelo é muito bonita. (This caramel color is very beautiful.)
4. Ele comprou um pacote de rebuçados de caramelo. (He bought a pack of caramel hard candies.)
5. O cão tem o pelo castanho. (The dog has brown fur.)