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Is the word caindo the same in Brazilian and European Portuguese?

No

While the spelling and the fundamental meaning of the word remain the same, there is a significant difference in typical usage. In Brazilian Portuguese, the gerund form (caindo) is the standard way to express a continuous or progressive action (an action happening right now). In Continental Portuguese, while the gerund is grammatically possible, it is much more natural and common to use the construction a + infinitive (a cair) to express the same ongoing action.

Brazilian Portuguese Usage

  1. A chuva está caindo muito forte. (The rain is falling very hard.)
  2. Ele está caindo da bicicleta. (He is falling off the bike.)
  3. Os preços estão caindo no mercado. (Prices are falling in the market.)
  4. Minha nota está caindo muito. (My grade is dropping a lot.)
  5. Cuidado, o muro está caindo! (Watch out, the wall is falling!)

Continental Portuguese Usage

  1. A chuva está a cair com muita força. (The rain is falling very hard.)
  2. Ele está a cair da bicicleta. (He is falling off the bike.)
  3. Os preços estão a cair no mercado. (Prices are falling in the market.)
  4. A minha nota está a cair imenso. (My grade is dropping a lot.)
  5. Cuidado, o muro está a cair! (Watch out, the wall is falling!)