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Is the word argumento the same in Brazilian and European Portuguese?

Yes

The word "argumento" is identical in both Brazilian and Continental Portuguese regarding its spelling, meaning, and grammatical category. The only differences lie in pronunciation.

In Brazilian Portuguese, the pronunciation is more "open" and melodic. The vowels are clearly articulated, and the rhythm is more syllable-timed, meaning each syllable receives a relatively similar amount of time.

In Continental Portuguese, the pronunciation is more "closed" and "clipped." The rhythm is stress-timed, meaning unstressed syllables are significantly shortened or even suppressed. Specifically, the initial "a" in "argumento" is often reduced to a near-silent, neutral vowel (schwa), and the final "o" is pronounced as a very short "u."

Brazilian Portuguese Examples

1. Você não tem nenhum argumento para essa ideia. (You have no argument for this idea.)
2. O argumento dele foi muito forte. (His argument was very strong.)
3. Eu não entendi o seu argumento. (I didn't understand your argument.)
4. Esse argumento não faz sentido nenhum. (This argument makes no sense at all.)
5. Ele apresentou um argumento novo. (He presented a new argument.)

Continental Portuguese Examples

1. Tu não tens nenhum argumento para essa ideia. (You have no argument for this idea.)
2. O argumento dele foi muito forte. (His argument was very strong.)
3. Eu não percebi o teu argumento. (I didn't understand your argument.)
4. Esse argumento não faz sentido nenhum. (This argument makes no sense at all.)
5. Ele apresentou um argumento novo. (He presented a new argument.)