Is the word algumas the same in Brazilian and European Portuguese?

Yes

The word "algumas" is identical in both Brazilian and Continental Portuguese regarding spelling, meaning, and grammatical function (it is the feminine plural form of the indefinite pronoun/adjective "algum"). The only difference is pronunciation. In Brazilian Portuguese, vowels are generally more open, and the "s" at the end of the word is typically pronounced as a sibilant [s] (in most dialects) or a soft [ʃ] (in Rio de Janeiro). In Continental Portuguese, the "s" is almost always pronounced as a palatalized [ʃ] (like the "sh" in "shoe"), and the unstressed vowels are much more closed or reduced.

Brazilian Portuguese

1. Algumas amigas vão vir aqui hoje. (Some friends are coming here today.)
2. Algumas coisas deram errado na reunião. (Some things went wrong in the meeting.)
3. Tem algumas meninas estudando na biblioteca. (There are some girls studying in the library.)
4. Algumas pessoas me ligaram ontem. (Some people called me yesterday.)
5. Algumas frutas estão muito maduras. (Some fruits are very ripe.)

Continental Portuguese

1. Algumas amigas virão aqui hoje. (Some friends will come here today.)
2. Algumas coisas correram mal na reunião. (Some things went wrong in the meeting.)
3. Há algumas raparigas a estudar na biblioteca. (There are some girls studying in the library.)
4. Algumas pessoas ligaram-me ontem. (Some people called me yesterday.)
5. Algumas frutas estão muito maduras. (Some fruits are very ripe.)